RESUMO Objetivos: Determinar a contribuição do estudo imuno-histoquímico na identificação do sítio primário da neoplasia, além de estabelecer quais os ossos mais frequentemente comprometidos, sua relação com o sítio primário neoplásico e a frequência de fratura em osso patológico como primeira manifestação do tumor maligno. Métodos: Foram levantados, retrospectivamente, todos os prontuários de metástases ósseas de janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2011 do Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. Resultados: O estudo imuno-histoquímico determinou corretamente o sítio primário neoplásico em 61,2% dos casos analisados. Com relação à localização metastática, o osso mais acometido foi o fêmur, correspondeu a 49,6% da amostra. A metástase óssea foi a primeira manifestação da neoplasia em apenas 20,2% dos pacientes; desses, 95% deram entrada com quadro de fratura do osso patológico. Conclusão: O estudo evidenciou que os sítios primários e sua frequência de incidência são compatíveis com a literatura avaliada. Observou-se que, na presente amostra, a maior parte dos pacientes não apresentou a fratura do osso patológico como primeira manifestação clínica da doença neoplásica. Entretanto, quando analisados os pacientes que apresentaram como primeiro sintoma clínico a metástase, essa se manifestou por meio de fratura patológica em quase todos os pacientes. O estudo imuno-histoquímico foi compatível com o sítio primário neoplásico na maioria dos casos, demonstrou a relevância de tal método no auxílio da identificação do sítio primário.

ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine the role of immunohistochemistry in identifying the primary site of tumors, and in establishing which bones are most frequently involved, their relationship with the primary tumor site, and the rate of pathologic bone fracture as the first symptom of a malignant tumor. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all medical records on bone metastases the cases treated between January 2006 and December 2011 at the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology was performed. Results: Immunohistochemistry correctly determined the primary tumor site in 61.2% of cases analyzed. Regarding the metastatic site, the most affected bone was the femur, accounting for 49.6% of the sample. Bone metastasis was the first symptom of the tumor in only 20.2% of patients, and of these, 95% were admitted for pathologic bone fracture. Conclusion: The study showed that the primary sites and their incidence rate are consistent with the literature reviewed. It was noted that in this sample, most patients did not present with pathologic bone fracture as the first clinical symptom of neoplastic disease. However, analysis of those patients that had a metastasis as the first clinical symptom revealed that it manifested itself as a pathologic fracture in almost all cases. The immunohistochemical study was consistent with the primary tumor site in most cases, indicating the value of the method in the detection of the primary site.

INTRODUCTION: Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a plasma cell tumor that grows within any of the soft tissues of the organism. Similar to all plasmacytic dyscrasia, the disease is extremely rare. AIM: This study reports a case of an extramedullary plasmacytoma of the nasal cavity and provides a literature review on the topic. CASE REPORT: A 51-year-old woman presented at our tertiary university hospital with a 6-month history of progressive nasal obstruction, predominantly to the right side, and self-limiting epistaxis. Examination revealed a large pale-reddish tumor within the right nasal cavity. Anatomopathological analysis showed features consistent with a plasmacytoma diagnosis, which was subsequently confirmed by immunohistochemical techniques. Further assessment revealed the solitary nature of the condition, consistent with extramedullary plasmacytoma. Radiotherapy was initiated, which led to partial regression of the symptoms. The tumor was surgically removed by using a mid-facial degloving approach. The patient evolved with a naso-oral fistula and underwent 3 corrective surgeries. No evidence of associated systemic disease was found after 5 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This case report, which describes a rare tumor of the nasal cavity, is expected to improve the recognition and referral of this condition by ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists for multidisciplinary management and long-term follow-up.

In the present paper we report a case of mediastinal tumor which we believe has never been reported. Since surgical treatment, the patient presented good evolution. We discuss the presentation, differential diagnosis and therapy. Finally, we stress the importance of the pathologic findings.

OBJETIVOS: Estudar retrospectivamente 18 casos de pacientes com adamantinoma de ossos longos, todos localizados na tíbia; ressaltar a importância da biópsia e a correlação com métodos de imagem para diagnóstico diferencial com osteofibrodisplasia e displasia fibrosa; tecer considerações sobre a natureza do adamantinoma de ossos longos, cujo nome deve-se à analogia histológica com o adamantinoma (ameloblastoma) da mandíbula. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados o quadro clínico, imagens e exames anatomopatológicos complementados com imunohistoquímica e a evolução dos pacientes. Todos foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico, 17 com "tibialização" da fíbula e os demais com amputação. RESULTADOS: A evolução pós-cirúrgica mostrou-se imprevisível e não relacionada com os aspectos clínicos ou histopatológicos. Dois pacientes evoluíram com metástases pulmonares e morreram. Seis não tiveram recidivas ou metástases e estão clinicamente curados. Os demais, após alta hospitalar não retornaram à consulta. CONCLUSÕES: Trata-se de rara neoplasia constituída por estruturas epiteliais e mesenquimais que devem ser diagnosticadas com precisão, antes de qualquer procedimento. O tratamento é cirúrgico com ressecção do tumor com boa margem oncológica. O comportamento biológico é variável e imprevisível.

OBJECTIVE: To make a retrospective study of 18 cases of patients with adamantinoma of the long bone, all of them located in the tibia; to point to the relevance of biopsy and the correlation with imaging methods in order to have a differential diagnosis with osteofibrous dysplasia and fibrous dysplasia; to comment on the nature of long bone adamantinoma, whose name is due to the histological analogy with the adamantinoma (ameloblastoma) of the jaw. METHODS: A review was made of the clinical condition, images, and anatomopathological exams supplemented with immunohistochemical essays, and the evolution of the patients. All of them were submitted to surgical treatment, 17 with "tibialization" of the fibula and the others with amputation. RESULTS: The post-surgical evolution showed to be unpredictable and not related to clinical or histopathological aspects. Two patients had an evolution with lung metastasis and died. Six did not present recurrent disease or metastases, and are clinically cured. The others, after being released from hospital, did not return for consultation. CONCLUSIONS: This is a rare neoplasia made of epithelial and mesenchymal structures that must be accurately diagnosed before any procedure is attempted. Treatment is surgical, with tumor resection with a good oncologic margin. The biological behavior is varied and unpredictable.